Digital Logos Edition
In this substantial study, Darrin W. Snyder Belousek offers a comprehensive and critical examination of penal substitution, the most widely accepted evangelical Protestant theory of atonement, and presents a biblically grounded, theologically orthodox alternative. Attending to all of the relevant biblical texts and engaging with the full spectrum of scholarship, Belousek systematically develops a biblical theory of atonement that centers on restorative rather than retributive justice. He also shows how Christian thinking on atonement correlates with major global concerns such as economic justice, capital punishment, “the war on terror,” and ethnic and religious conflicts. Thorough and clearly structured, this book demonstrates how a return to biblical cruciformity can radically transform Christian mission, social justice, and peacemaking.
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Get more resources for theological studies with the Eerdmans Theological Studies Collection (19 vols.)
“Notice that the ritual of sin offering does not specify that any blood be applied to the sinner. The sacrificial blood is applied only to the altar. What is applied to the sinner is forgiveness.” (Page 174)
“Ephesians 2 might be stated thus: the cross of Jesus Christ is God’s ‘transforming initiative’” (Page 516)
“the existence of private militias of the sort that maraud in Iraq.15” (Page 580)
“the culmination, the dramatic climax, of the passion” (Page 114)
The most comprehensive and persuasive biblical critique of penal substitution currently available (and possibly ever written). Belousek analyzes in detail virtually every nut and bolt in the edifice of penal atonement theology as it is presented in current mainstream evangelicalism and does so with the kind of exegetical precision and theological commitment necessary to command a hearing from those he critiques. This is exactly the kind of book I would like to have on my shelves so that when someone asks me, ‘What about Isaiah 53?’ or ‘What about God’s wrath?’ or ‘What about no forgiveness without the shedding of blood?’, I would know where to turn for a carefully reasoned answer.
—Christopher D. Marshall, head of school, Victoria University of Wellington
Belousek’s writing is engaging and persuasive, demonstrating clear logic, theological acuity, and good organization. . . . The literature on atonement has mushroomed in the last decade, but I had not read—until now—an author who presents a coherent, constructive understanding within orthodoxy that clearly explains, not assumes, why an alternative conception to that of satisfaction-penal is better and also more faithful to Scripture. Belousek does just that.
—Willard M. Swartley, professor emeritus of New Testament, Associated Mennonite Biblical Seminary